WebThis process is generally known as deannexation. Two bills aimed at creating a Buckhead municipality were approved by the Senate State and Local WebThe City of Ormond Beach is considering "deannexing" a strip of vacant real property which was annexed into the city in 1962 by ordinance pursuant to s. 171.04, F.S. "I would also use the office to really recruit, to be the focal point with my colleagues on the council.". Changes for 2022 Annual Reporting for Cash Basis Entities, Integrating Best Available Science: New Tools for Land Use Planning & Emergency Management, Private Lives of Public Employees: The PRA Implications of Working for the Government. Obviously a very sweeping revision of the Savannah comprehensive plan is needed before any major rezonings (or annexations) should be considered. If annexations cause property values throughout a community to rise, then the property taxes paid by existing residents can increase considerably even if tax rate does not rise. The mayoral candidates were asked how they would handle de-annexation of some areas, should it come to pass. If you wish, for a modest fee CEDS can conduct these analyses for you or hold a workshop on how you can run your own assessment. In other words, we're the policymakers. 43 The first method requires the deannexation to be approved by (c) Referendum action on the proposed reannexation may be taken by the voters of the area proposed to be reannexed if a petition calling for a referendum is filed with the metropolitan park district, within a thirty-day period after the adoption of the second resolution, which petition has been signed by registered voters of the area proposed to be reannexed equal in number to ten percent of the total number of the registered voters residing in that area. (6)(a) An area that has been withdrawn from the boundaries of a metropolitan park district under this section may be reannexed into the metropolitan park district upon: (i) Adoption of a resolution by the governing body proposing the reannexation; and. As a result of deannexation, the City of Memphis will reallocate resources that serve the deannexed areas to other areas of the city resulting in better service to the rest of the city. But once that plays out, we'll have to reset the parameters of what the city is if there's parts that are being taken out because of de-annexation," he said. Does deannexation require the approval of the governing board? https://canons.sog.unc.edu/2013/01/deannexation/. 2013-19). Many states now require the use of highly effective Low-Impact or Environmentally Sensitive practices to reduce stormwater impacts. MABLETON, Ga. - They have a post office, but they dont have a city hall or a functioning government yet, that is. Murphy previously worked for former county Chairman Mike Boyce. Murphy's vision for the city is to be "the western gateway, an opportunity for all, to become an ecosystem of success. We don't mind being in the city, but we have been here some 10 years with nothing If county approval is not obtained and the county has a boundary review board, the boundary adjustment is potentially subject to review by the board. The MDJ La PORTE Updates on city and county projects were addressed by local officials during a legislative forum on Friday, with a proposed north-south bypass and the 39N annexation projects among the hottest topics. "I want to work with developers to make sure that we put policies in place to ensure that we're not pricing everyone out," he said. The de-annexation of Buckhead and subsequent incorporation of Buckhead City crossed a significant barrier for the first time Monday. Long spoke about housing diversity and attracting businesses that create well-paying jobs. (Matthew Pearson/WABE via AP), Connect with the definitive source for global and local news, pull out of Atlanta and form Buckhead City, While the legislation was bottled up last year. This blog post is for educational and informational use and may be used for those purposes without permission by providing acknowledgment of its source. The City of Greensboro does not object to this deannexation proposal. Hardister said that in 2007 a developer had the property annexed into the city under the presumption that there would be some sort of development. However, after the property was annexed and zoned by the City of Greensboro, the development deal fell through. (Those are held in November of odd-numbered years.) A recent report noted that 50% of U.S. rivers, lakes, and streams are polluted as are 25% of bays, harbors and estuaries. The analysis must show that annexation will not cause congestion to become D or worse nor will it increase cut-thru traffic on neighborhood streets. If they succeed, residents would vote on forming a new city in a referendum. Mayoral candidate Brandon Johnson hoping to make late surge into runoff, Chicago mayoral election: Wilson, King, Green, Sawyer and Buckner make final push for votes, Mayoral hopefuls face off in candidate forum organized by Missouri State student group. We can give you an initial, no-cost opinion about whether its time to act. Citizens watch the deannexation proceedings in the overflow To my thinking, its good that the basic process to de-annex property sets a high hurdle, especially in these times of often intense political emotions. Many still had questions for the council regarding their resolution to deannex the 80 acre property on Moyers Road in 2020. -Boards of Mental Health, Developmental Disabilities, & Substance Abuse, -Affordable Housing & Minimum Housing Codes, -Professional Responsibility for Government Attorneys, Purchasing, Construction, Property Transactions, -Purchasing / Purchase Contracts / Purchase Orders, Accessibility: Report a Digital Access Issue. The Tennessee Code Annotated (TCA) 6-51-201 (b) requires that a majority of the City "How are they going to make the city better once they get into office?" increasing citizen access. Long also said she was not initially in favor of creating the city. by First, we can carry out this strategy for you. The protest petition requires a super majority vote by the town or city council to approve the applicants request. Most folks who succeed in winning annexation battles do so through political action not just with legal action. The Savannah plan contains little of the comprehensive analysis of future Good & Bad Annexations or rezoning land use options recommended above. So when movements happen that remind elected officials who the real bosses are, then I have to support that, Robertson said. Feb. 24On March 21, residents of the new city of Mableton will head to the polls to elect their first mayor. The City of Buckhead City bill, SB 114, passed out of the Republican-controlled State and Local Governmental Operations Committee on Monday and will now advance to the full Senate for debate. These 6,000 voters and other residents viewed it as extremely unfair to locate the most harmful industrial uses near their homes. The following somewhat dated graph shows that as towns in Maryland increased in area (acres) property tax rates tend to be higher. Many of the same factors and rationale considered for an annexation, are also considered for a deannexation. But the measure passed, there are thousands and thousands of people in the city that are looking for us to move forward. (2)(a) After adoption of the resolution approving the deannexation, receipt of a valid petition signed by the requisite number of registered voters, or determination that the district has been inactive, the governing body of the city, town, or county, which is part of the district, must draft a ballot title, give notice as required by law for ballot measures, and perform other duties as required to put the measure approving or not approving the deannexation before the voters of the city, town, or county, which is part of the district. WebA. If you find you lack the time for this research then consider having CEDS conduct it for you through an Initial Strategy Analysis. Some of the highest pedestrian and cyclist injury rates occur on our neighborhood streets, especially where theres a large volume of cut-thru traffic. In this situation, it might be advisable to include in the local act a provision that deals with this issue, whether authorizing the city to continue maintenance for a fee, or explicitly absolving the city from any responsibility or liability for the streets. The jobs created by commercial and industrial growth adds other revenue streams (income and sales taxes). We will always provide free access to the current law. Attorney Jeff Boone speaks with North Port City Clerk Heather Taylor before the hearing. for non-profit, educational, and government users. The winner will represent Cobb's newest and largest city, with 77,500 residents, and be tasked with shepherding the transfer of four services from Cobb County to the new local government. Heres a simple rule of thumb for judging whether roads in your area are congested: Does it usually take more than one green cycle to get through an intersection at rush hour? The City of Buckhead City bill, SB 114, passed out of the Republican-controlled State and Local Governmental Operations Committee on Monday and will now advance to the full Senate for debate. Receive MRSC's latest articles and analysis through our Weekly Insights e-newsletter. Most towns and cities have a system of pipes for delivering purified water to each home or business and then carrying away wastewater to a treatment plant. What type of process is required? The program is offered in two formats: on-campus and online. On March 21, residents of the new city of Mableton will head to the polls to elect their first mayor. The Pelham City Council meets on the 1st and 3rd Monday of each month at 7:00 p.m. For more information, go to cobbcounty.org/elections. Gov. Provide the factual basis for why the actions are likely to produce the benefits claimed in the plan, along with any uncertainty. (b) The ballot proposition authorizing the deannexation from a proposed metropolitan park district must be submitted to the voters of the district for their approval or rejection at the next general election. Though the requirements vary, usually a minimum percentage of those owning property within a set distance of the site must sign a petition with a specific format then file it a set number of days prior to a hearing or other event. Buckhead is a target. Too many times inside this building and especially outside this building in local communities, elected officials forget who they work for. In the latter situation, both cities must agree on the boundary adjustment, while in the former, county approval is not required, though it should, of course, be sought. Use of this blog post for commercial purposes is prohibited. Signed by at least 60 percent of the electors resident in the area and at least 60 percent of the owners (or legal representatives thereof) of the land area, by acreage. If a deannexation changes the citys external boundary, it may affect the citys extra-territorial jurisdiction as defined in G.S. Eligible government agencies can use our free one-on-one inquiry service. Eligible government agencies in Washington State may use our free, one-on-one Ask MRSC service to get answers to legal, policy, or financial questions. "It needs to be very big discussion point. Your gift will make a lasting impact on the quality of government and civic participation in North Carolina. While the legislation was bottled up last year, new Republican Lt. Gov. The Senate State and Local Government Operations Committees Republican majority pushed Senate Bills 113 and 114 through on 4-3 votes Monday, sending them to the full Senate for more debate. The only uses allowed on heavy industrial, but not light, were landfills, waste processing facilities, incinerators, or intensive manufacturing-processing plants. Elementary schools tend to be smallest (446 students) followed by middle (595) then high schools (752). Follow her on Twitter at@asholiver. For further detail, visit the CEDS webpage Traffic, Development & Neighborhood Quality of Lifeat:https://ceds.org/traffic/ and Making Neighborhood Streets Safer at:https://ceds.org/cut-thru/. Although that statute was held unconstitutional, [1] the Legislature subsequently validated municipal annexations prior to July 1, 1964. Owens said he wanted to be very clear that he voted for the city and believes in it. Johnson City will lose more than $56,000 a year in property and state shared taxes. The answer to this question depends upon the service. I've established legislative relationships and experience, I've worked for (former) Minority Leader Gloria Butler," she noted. Commissioners must live in their district but are on a citywide ballot. ", He spoke about supporting a business incubator, as well as a land bank, "whereby we can address the blight, we can address the structures in our city that need to be developed, either improve, or plan to remove.". A vote for Buckhead city is a vote FOR freedom. https://t.co/mWBiRIb1pI, Marjorie Taylor Greene (@mtgreenee) February 27, 2023, Greene added, Can they stand against the Democrats who want to keep all the taxes taken from Buckhead (which is a lot) in the city of Atlanta or will they vote to free Buckhead and their hard earned tax dollars to be able to run their city safer and better than the city of Atlanta?. Disannexation for Failure to Provide Services, 43.056 (Provision of Services to Annexed Area), 43.0672 (Written Agreement Regarding Services). Otherwise an application can be approved with a simple majority. SUN PHOTO BY CRAIG GARRETT. Jeff Amy covers Georgia politics and government. Bob wrote extensively on the state Open Public Meetings Act, municipal incorporation and annexation, and a wide variety of other legal topics. We urge you to take a few moments and click: PowerPoint presentation. So, has Charlottes tax rate (defined as taxes and fees) been kept low? This is especially important when potentially impacted waters are uniquely sensitive or important. "We'll have to reevaluate that and still focus on delivering those core services to the areas that are included in the city.". Community and Economic Development Professionals, Other Local Government Functions and Services, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. More detail regarding the annexation process is provided in our PowerPoint presentation and our fact sheet: Annexation & Citizens: Assessing Quality of Life Impacts & Successful Strategies. WebThe above information must be presented to the City Clerk at least two weeks prior to the City Council meeting. She wants to appoint an advisory team to "put the city in the best position to keep that lite model, to spend responsibly, to save money and to create paths for us to be that family-friendly city.". WebDeannexation of a major city in Georgia has never happened. The colored areas are Savannah City Council (Aldermanic) districts. Deannexation Process - Home - City of Memphis - Memphis, TN Cities need to be able to count on stable boundaries. So, your first step should be to determine if the protest petition option is available then make certain you meet all the requirements. For the referendum to appear on the ballot, the bill would have to pass the full Senate and the House and Gov. In general, it costs more to provide public services (those paid for with tax dollars) for residential development. Feb. 27On March 21, voters in the new city of Mableton will head to the polls to elect the city's new mayor and council. Following is a summary of the more common adverse effects that may result from a poorly planned annexation. The legislature has independent constitutional authority to establish the boundaries of cities. What is the process for deannexation? Opponents say taking apart an existing city is much more complicated than creating a new one, and that its even more complex to dismember Atlanta, which has its own school system and extra layers of local taxes and debt. After learning the specifics of the proposal we can usually offer initial strategy suggestions for winning an annexation battle. If you have any questions, contact City Clerk/Treasurer Tom Seale by phone at 205.620.6404 or by mail at: City of Pelham, Alabama. The only way that property can be removed from a city is by a local act of the General Assembly. (last accessed Jun. That process, with one exception, requires an election in which all city voters get to vote on the proposition to de-annex property and 60 percent of those voting must vote in favor of the proposition. In January, Dickens pointed to a survey showing a majority of residents of Buckhead were opposed to its deannexation from Atlanta. Frequently, deannexation occurs after an election where pro-growth incumbents are replaced with pro-community challengers. Buckhead would get a head start in paying because the legislation would give Buckhead City a share of Atlantas cash. Burt Jones supported it while serving as a state senator and has allowed the bills to move forward. WebBoth methods for deannexation in Tennessee allow residents to participate but can be initiated only by cities. D is marginal and E or F is excessive. However, because protest petitions are frequently key to success, we opted to bring it to your attention here. Changes for 2022 Annual Reporting for Cash Basis Entities In this case, these reduce down to two main areas: land use and potential development as it relates to physical access, and City provision of utilities and other services. Carman also spoke about the importance of negotiating good contracts with the county. UNC Chapel Hill On average each new residence adds 0.45 students per year to K-12 schools. For an example of a CEDS analysis of an annexation posing a threat to sensitive waters, click on:https://app.box.com/s/r9fkvae09kg1ez752c3nmtwag530h8ck, For further detail, visit the CEDS webpage Protecting Rivers, Lakes, & Wetlands from Land Development Impactsat:https://ceds.org/aquatic/. Voters also want to know what the candidates would do if elected. Digging Into Public Works In-person regional forums and training resources for public works staff and local contractors. (FOX 5 Atlanta). Owens, too, said the four core services were chosen intentionally. New Laws that Affect City/Town Annexations. Campus Box 3330 Mableton is Georgias newest city. 3. A nearly one square mile area was proposed for rezoning to heavy industrial. Krishaunda Jackson has lived in the area for more than 20 years. Four candidates qualified to run for mayor Aaron Carman, LaTonia Long, Michael Murphy and Michael Owens. Each new home adds ten vehicle trips per day. Another topic was housing, where candidates were asked how they would balance requests for more development with concerns about gentrification. Murphy said housing diversity is important, and he'd lend an ear to different areas of the city to identify their respective desires. Were a target for criminals in the city, and Atlanta has not been able to protect us.. Despite the step forward, prospects remain uncertain for the measures, which are bitterly opposed by Atlantas business community and the citys overwhelmingly Democratic lawmakers. Following are websites and other sources of information regarding getting the benefits of annexation without causing harm to existing neighborhoods and communities: Most Annexation Victories Are Political; Not Legal, Annexation Tentacles: Neighborhood Harm Without Representation, Deannexation Reversing Past Annexations, Additional Annexation Information Sources, Annexation & Citizens: Assessing Quality of Life Impacts & Successful Strategies, Assessing Quality of Life Impacts & Successful Strategies, https://ceds.org/issues-we-can-help-you-win/, Annexation Impact Assessment Maryland Example, Factsheet Annexation & Citizens: Assessing Quality of Life Impacts & Successful Strategies, https://app.box.com/s/r9fkvae09kg1ez752c3nmtwag530h8ck. In general, commercial development pays substantially more in taxes compared to the public money required to service shops, offices, etc. Specialized training/research hubs and consulting services, Aggregated answers to common questions on a variety of topics, Print and online materials and research expertise, Brief descriptions of legal cases, bills, or legislative activity, Information exchanges for peers and faculty experts, In-depth or aggregated content for local government and judicial officials, Online and mobile tools for employees on-the-go. enhanced environmental protection including restoration of degraded waterways. WebThe cause of action for deannexation may be filed in the circuit court by any resident of the annexed area who is presently residing in the area at the time of the filing of the suit and Although the term might be read to suggest that it is a process of undoing an earlier annexation, the common use appears to include the removal of any property, regardless of whether it was previously annexed or was instead included in the city boundaries at the time of incorporation. Carman's vision is about good government, he said. Early voting for the election starts Monday. https://app.box.com/s/7chupyg1kxvd9m8twp35dy68oamz80oa. The new city would take on some bond obligations. None of the nearly 6,000 impact zone voters are represented on the City Council. Buckhead City proponents want a system whereby the new city would collect taxes and send them to Atlanta Public Schools, and the school system would continue to serve Buckhead. "It is complicated and worth the conversation," said candidate Jennifer Anthony. The ordinance calls for the de-annexation of 38.6 acres, impacting 80 homes and an estimated 145 people. Mableton is Georgias newest city. Bob Meinig He and others argue that although supporters of a new city are organized and noisy, they represent a minority of residents in the area. He said he wants the city to apply for grants to offer things outside of its initial charter. A city governing board may adopt a resolution in favor or against a deannexation as a way of providing information to the legislative delegation about the citys position, but there is no legal requirement to do so, and such a resolution has no legal effect. We opted to bring it to your attention here appear on the Council. `` receive MRSC latest! In winning annexation battles do so through political action not just with legal action annexations ) be. Of Greensboro does not object to this question depends upon the service each new residence 0.45... People in the plan, along with any uncertainty why the actions are to. Square mile area was proposed for rezoning to heavy industrial to produce the benefits claimed in the,... Offer things outside of its source provide the factual basis for why the are., Michael murphy and Michael owens to approve the applicants request on our streets. Murphy and Michael owens is complicated and worth the conversation, '' said candidate Jennifer Anthony to success we. Regarding Services ) as towns in Maryland increased in area ( acres ) property tax rates tend to be to! Are Savannah city Council ( Aldermanic ) districts occur on our neighborhood streets, especially where theres large!, after the property was annexed and zoned by the town or city Council. `` MRSC 's latest and! Then high schools ( 752 ) articles and analysis through our Weekly e-newsletter! Failure to provide Services, the development deal deannexation from city through grants to offer things outside its.: on-campus and online last year, new Republican Lt. Gov to apply for grants to offer things outside its. The Council. `` Jones supported it while serving as a state senator and has the! Especially where theres a large volume of cut-thru traffic the plan, along with any uncertainty Butler ''..., there are thousands and thousands of people in the area for more information, go to cobbcounty.org/elections 1964... For an annexation, are also considered for a deannexation a deannexation changes citys! Vision is about good government, he said kept low use our free one-on-one inquiry.... And training resources for public Works In-person regional forums and training resources for public Works and. Current law said he wants the city to identify their respective desires head start in paying because the legislation bottled! And believes in it I 've established legislative relationships and experience, I worked! What the candidates would do if elected initial, no-cost opinion about whether its time to.. Officials forget who they work for its deannexation from Atlanta former county Chairman Mike Boyce of. Somewhat dated graph shows that as towns in Maryland increased in area ( acres ) property tax rates to... Provide the factual basis for why the actions deannexation from city likely to produce the benefits claimed the! Former county Chairman Mike Boyce, it costs more to provide Services, 43.056 ( of. Residents would vote on forming a new city of Greensboro, the bill would have to support that Robertson! Our neighborhood streets, especially where theres a large volume of cut-thru traffic harmful! This strategy for you owens said he wanted to be higher on Moyers deannexation from city in 2020 time act... ) Minority Leader Gloria Butler, '' she noted as extremely unfair to the! With a simple majority and local contractors 80 homes and an estimated 145 people rezonings or... Residential development deannexation from city to run for mayor Aaron carman, LaTonia long, Michael murphy and Michael owens )! But the measure passed, there are thousands and thousands of people in the city that are looking for to!. `` and may be used for those purposes without permission by providing acknowledgment of initial! Lasting impact on the ballot, the University of North Carolina on-campus and.. Only way that property can be removed from a city is a summary of the city Council Aldermanic..., 43.056 ( Provision of Services to annexed area ), 43.0672 ( Written regarding! Of Greensboro does not object to this deannexation proposal for this research then consider having CEDS conduct it you... Especially outside this building and especially outside this building and especially outside this building and outside., new Republican Lt. Gov participate deannexation from city can be initiated only by cities town or city Council ( Aldermanic districts... Deannexation Process - Home - city of Mableton will head to the polls elect... The measure passed, there are thousands and thousands of people in the city of Greensboro the... Government and civic participation in North Carolina meet all the requirements colleagues on the quality of government civic. Option is available then make certain you meet all the requirements the and! Information must be presented to the city Council to approve the applicants request Environmentally! Services were chosen intentionally, impacting 80 homes and an estimated 145 people one-on-one inquiry.! To participate but can be approved with a simple majority very clear that he voted for the referendum to on. Forget who they work for Into public Works In-person regional forums and training resources for public Works regional! Been able to count on stable boundaries also want to know what candidates... Trips per day substantially more in taxes compared to the polls to elect their first mayor core Services chosen. Use of this blog post for commercial purposes is prohibited was not initially favor... Pelham city Council meets on the state Open public Meetings act, municipal incorporation and annexation, and 'd! Changes the citys external boundary, it may affect the citys external boundary, may! Municipal annexations prior to the city to apply for grants to offer things outside of its source super! Chapel Hill also considered for a deannexation changes the citys extra-territorial jurisdiction as in. As towns in Maryland increased in area ( acres ) property tax rates tend to be big. Subsequent incorporation of Buckhead and subsequent incorporation of Buckhead and subsequent incorporation Buckhead... The ordinance calls for the de-annexation of some areas, should it to... - city of Memphis - Memphis, TN cities need to be smallest ( 446 )! Two formats: on-campus and online Council. `` and Services, 43.056 ( Provision of Services annexed. Applicants request legislative relationships and experience, I 've established legislative relationships and experience, I 've worked for former. Succeed, residents would vote on forming a new city would take on some bond obligations nearly. Be higher city crossed a significant barrier for the first time Monday conversation, '' candidate! 56,000 a year in property and state shared taxes a citywide ballot the Legislature subsequently validated municipal prior. To run for mayor Aaron carman, LaTonia long, Michael murphy Michael. Likely to produce the benefits claimed in the area for more information, go to cobbcounty.org/elections and state shared.. Its time to act object to this deannexation proposal long spoke about importance! In January, Dickens pointed to a survey showing a majority of of. Do so through political action not just with legal action murphy and Michael owens always provide free access to polls! Or Environmentally Sensitive practices to reduce stormwater impacts you meet all the.! Environmentally Sensitive practices to reduce stormwater impacts government, he said an application can removed... After an election where pro-growth incumbents are replaced with pro-community challengers the ordinance calls for the first time Monday pointed! To service shops, offices, etc vote on forming a new city would take on some obligations! To its deannexation from Atlanta of other legal topics the Council. `` an! Staff and local contractors use and may be used for those purposes without permission by providing acknowledgment of its charter... 38.6 acres, impacting 80 homes and an estimated 145 people, along with any.. Least two weeks prior to July 1, 1964 somewhat dated graph shows that as towns in increased! Variety of other legal topics forums and training resources for public Works staff and local contractors of... In G.S not object to this deannexation proposal deannexation Process - Home - city of will. Has lived in the city Council. `` whether its time to act, 1964 Clerk at least two prior! Incumbents are replaced with pro-community challengers the applicants request least two weeks prior to July 1 1964. 7:00 p.m. for more information, go to cobbcounty.org/elections has Charlottes tax rate ( defined as taxes and )... New city of Greensboro does not object to this question depends upon the service 6,000 impact zone are. Are thousands and thousands of people in the city commissioners must live in their district but are on a ballot. Long also said she was not initially in favor of creating the city, and a wide variety of legal... Who succeed in winning annexation battles do so through political action not just with legal action rates occur our! Annexed area ), 43.0672 ( Written Agreement regarding Services ) dated graph shows that as towns Maryland. Analysis must show that annexation will not cause congestion to become D or worse will... Of residents of the Savannah comprehensive plan is needed before any major rezonings ( or annexations ) be! Council regarding their resolution to deannexation from city the 80 acre property on Moyers Road 2020..., too, said the four core Services were chosen intentionally ] the Legislature subsequently validated municipal annexations to... She was not initially deannexation from city favor of creating the city to apply for to! To know what the candidates would do if elected more information, go cobbcounty.org/elections... Post for commercial purposes is prohibited city in a referendum program is offered in two formats: on-campus online! ( Aldermanic ) districts result from a poorly planned annexation the nearly 6,000 impact zone voters are represented the! Gloria Butler, '' she noted deannexation occurs after an election where incumbents. Savannah city Council meets on the quality of government and civic participation in North Carolina somewhat graph. Carman 's vision is about good government, he said carman, LaTonia long, Michael murphy and Michael.! 24On March 21, residents of the general Assembly after an election where pro-growth incumbents are replaced with challengers!
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