1 Answer to 1. The TCP/IP model, sometimes referred to as a protocol stack, can be considered a condensed version of the OSI model. 3. where all the zi values are the elements of the input vector and can take any real value. The 4 byte IP address consists of a) network address b) host address c) both (a) and (b) d) none of the mentioned The application layer is the top-most layer of OSI model. Which one of the following is not a function of network layer? Layer 3 protocols and technologies allow for network-to-network communications. A Layer 3 switch is simply a Layer 2 device that also does routing (a Layer 3 function). Inter-networking: It works to deliver a logical connection across multiple devices. Network Layer. For example, the first layer which is the physical layer defines the functions of logical network-wide addressing and routing. A number of layer management protocols, a function defined in the Management Annex, ISO 7498/4, belong to the network layer. It manages the routing of data. The 7 Layers of the OSI. Addressing, including logical network address and service address. The Network Layer. Network layer Introduction In the seven-layer OSI model, the network layer is layer 3 which defines communication between the different networks and most commonly known as the layer where routing takes place. Network layer design issues: The network layer comes with some design issues they are described as follows: 1. Here at the Network Layer is where you’ll find most of the router functionality that most networking professionals care about and love. Congestion control focuses on the flow of the traffic in the network and uses algorithms like traffic aware routing, admission control and load shedding to deal with congestion. Data Link Layer is the second layer of OSI Layered Model after Physical Layer. The network layer is responsible for packet forwarding including routing through intermediate routers, since it knows the address of neighboring network nodes, and it also manages quality of service (QoS), and recognizes and forwards local host domain messages to the Transport layer (layer 4). Each layer though serves a specific purpose and function. The network layer is a portion of online communications that allows for the connection and transfer of data packets between different devices or networks. The basic function of the Transport layer is to accept data from the layer above, split it up into smaller units, pass these data units to the Network layer, and ensure that all the pieces arrive correctly at the other end. It is the network layer's job to figure out the network topology, handle routing and to prepare data for transmission. These are used to calculate the weighted sum of inputs and weights and add the bias and execute the required activation function. It transmits stream of bits and defines how the data is transmitted over the network and what control signals are used. Explanation: The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is used by the network layer for the function of dynamic routing. These include routing protocols, multicast group management, network layer information and error, and network layer address assignment. This layer is concerned with the following. It can be considered as the combination of physical layer and data link layer of the OSI model. Which one of the following is not a function of network layer? The physical layer is the bottom layer of the OSI model. Networking Objective type Questions and Answers. The data here is in the form of packets. The application layer is the highest abstraction layer of the TCP/IP model that provides the interfaces and protocols needed by the users. Each layer takes care of a very specific job, and then passes the data onto the next layer. 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